The knee is comprised of a number of intricate and delicately balanced structures. The slightest disturbance to this balance can result in dysfunction, injury, and pain. Between the joint of the knee, its supporting muscles and ligaments, and the kneecap – also known as the patella – there are a number of ways that the knee can be injured.
In fact, the patella alone is often a source of damage and injury. This bone is often described as “floating” since it slides loosely within the patellofemoral groove without being firmly attached to the body by muscle and ligament. Any disruption in this balance or function can lead to pain.
Among the most common conditions that are known to cause pain in the knee is:
Furthermore, dysfunction in other areas of the body may also lead to pain in the knee. This is known as referred pain and, with the knee, often comes from issues with the joints of the lower body – sacroiliac, lumbar facet, or hip – as well as from problems with the muscles surrounding the hips and knee.